Understanding Employment Tribunals
Employment tribunals are specialist courts that handle disputes between employers and employees. They deal with cases involving unfair dismissal, discrimination, wage disputes, redundancy payments, and other employment rights matters.
Early Conciliation
Before making a tribunal claim, you must contact ACAS (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for early conciliation. This free service attempts to resolve the dispute without going to tribunal. The early conciliation period can extend your time limit for making a claim.
Time Limits for Claims
Most employment tribunal claims must be submitted within three months minus one day of the incident or your last day of employment. Missing this deadline can result in your claim being rejected, so it is essential to act quickly.
Preparing Your Claim
Your tribunal claim (ET1 form) must clearly state the nature of your complaint, relevant dates, and the remedy you are seeking. Supporting evidence such as employment contracts, emails, and witness statements are crucial for a successful claim.
The Tribunal Hearing
At the hearing, both parties present their case, witnesses give evidence, and cross-examination takes place. An employment judge (and sometimes a panel) will then make a decision based on the evidence presented.
Legal Representation
While you can represent yourself at tribunal, having an experienced employment solicitor significantly improves your chances of success. Many solicitors offer no win no fee arrangements for tribunal claims.